Rev. I was surprised to find the phrase marched on the alarm April 19, 1775 in so many of our ancestors stories. The 1925 Lexington-Concord Sesquicentennial half dollar features a sculptural portrayal. He was among those inspiring the men to hold rank against superior numbers. Thomas commanded this company in theBattle of Benningtonand was wounded there. Fifer, Capt. His story continues below with the Siege of Boston. He died 9 Feb 1811; he and his wife buried in Hollis church yard. It is a myth that the British and other professional armies of the 1700s did not practice marksmanship with their muskets; the military ammunition of the time was made for fast reloading and more than a dozen consecutive shots without cleaning. Much of the sickness was traceable to unhealthy sanitation and poor personal hygiene. Henry Haskells Co., Col. Prescotts Regt., mileage to and from headquarters, seventy miles; also Fifer, Capt. Thomas JEWELL IIIsson-in-law John Eastman (1739 in Rumford, Merrimack, New Hampshire 8 Jul 1777 in Fort Ann, Washington, New York). Sign up to receive the latest information on the American Battlefield Trust's efforts to blaze The Liberty Trail in South Carolina. ; marched July 31, 1780; discharged Aug. 8, 1780; service, 10 days, including 2 days (36 miles) travel home; company marched to Tiverton, R. I., on the alarm of July 31, 1780. Ward Swifts (2nd Sandwich) co. of militia, which marched in response to the alarm. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Tracing each branch back to their arrival in America. About 700British Armyregulars, underLieutenant ColonelFrancis Smith, were given secret orders to capture and destroy military supplies that were reportedly stored by the Massachusettsmilitiaat Concord. The rifling (grooves inside the barrel) gave it a much greater range than the smoothbore musket, although it took much longer to load. As a token of support, they traded gunpowder to the Colonials for other goods needed in Europe. He promptly ordered his men to begin constructing a breastwork running down the hill to the east, deciding he did not have the manpower to also build additional defenses to the west of the redoubt. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow wrote of one of the many events that led to the American Revolution. The most famous minutemen were those who figured in the battles at Lexington and Concord, though minutemen militias were organized in other New England colonies as well. ;also, order for bounty coat or its equivalent in money dated in camp Dec. 11, 1775; Also, Capt. Some returned home, many were signed on in other units, and some were discharged with pensions due to wounds. Donations to the Trust are tax deductible to the full extent allowable under the law. On Dec. 6,1774, Attleboro established a superior and an inferior court, to hear and determine controversies that had arisen, or might arise in that town.. In the course of the war, 59 infantry regiments were assigned to the Massachusetts Line. He enlisted, 15 Feb 1775, in Capt. 7 Nov 1774, Deacon Stephen Jewett, Ensign Stephen Ames and Lieut. 1795 Rowley ) Sgt. The American Battlefield Trust and our members have saved more than 56,000 acres in 25 states! Stand your ground. Capt. Arguably against orders, Putnam, Prescott, and their engineer, CaptainRichard Gridley, decided to build their primaryredoubtthere. The Continental Army regulars received European-style military training later in the American Revolutionary War, but the militias did not get much of this. Marker in Lexington Reed Jr. Nathan Reed John Robbins Philip Russell Benjamin Sampson Joshua Simonds John Smith Phineas Smith Simeon Snow Phineas Stearns Jonas Stone Jr. John Tidd Samuel Tidd Joseph Underwood Benjamin Wellington Enoch Wellington John Winship Sylbanus Wood James Wyman Nathaniel Wyman His name appears on a receipt dated March 14, 1777, he being deceased., Asa Harriman (1742 in Newbury, Mass -1819 Raymond, New Hampshire)was a private in Capt. Eleazer Spofford (1739 in Georgetown, Mass 1828 Jeffery, New Hampshire) was Quartermaster in Col. Daniel Spoffords regiment of militia. Through the first two periods, Waltham responded every time Lexington took the lead, but production throughout the Minutemen lineup was crucial, highlighted by third-liner Adam O'Shaughnessy's . They believed thatGeneral Gage and the British military were the aggressors and agitators and knew it would be important to portray them as suchas they attempted to gain other colonial support within North America. He was first a private in Capt. Swifts co., Col Freemans regiment. He was among the 31 medical men who rendered service at the battle of Bunker Hill. They were fought on April 19, 1775, inMiddlesex County,Province of Massachusetts Bay, within the towns ofLexington,Concord,Lincoln,Menotomy (present-day Arlington), andCambridge, nearBoston. 1778 In Capt. Stephen Richardson was one. In August 1636, the first offensive military attack by militias failed when Massachusetts dispatched John Endecott with four companies on an unsuccessful campaign against the Pequot Indians. Stay up-to-date on our FREE educational resources & professional development opportunities, all designed to support your work teaching American history. The Lexington Minuteman monument, 1900, by Henry Hudson Kitson. Massachusetts Militia Companies and Officers in the Lexington Alarm. They used trees and other obstacles to cover themselves from British gunfire and pursuit by British soldiers, while the militia were firing and moving. Moses Jewetts troop of horse, which marched to Medford on the alarm of 19 April 1775. In our previous episode, Reuben marched his company from Holllis, NH to Lexington on the alarm April 19 and returned home.. Thirty-Nine of his privates returned home in the next few weeks, however Fifty-Three of them volunteered in various units to serve for Eight months. Alexander Fosters co., Col. Isaac Deans regt. In May of 1774, Hutchinson was relieved by General Thomas Gage, the new Governor of Massachusetts, who arrived with orders to close the port of Boston. Topsfield, December 26, 1775. These accounts after Lexington and Concord from both sides gives historians agreat insight into the events of April 19, 1775, in an otherwise under documented period of history. By the next morning, Boston was surrounded by a huge militia army, numbering over 15,000, which had marched from throughout New England I'm also including our relatives who enlisted in 1775. Either they and never intended it, or else, being closely pursued from Concord by their exasperated and hourly increasing Yankee foes, they thought it best to take a prudent care for their own safety, rather than to digress in their march, into the neighboring towns, in pursuit of Hancock and Adams. The athletic teams of the University of Massachusetts-Amherst are nicknamed the Minutemen and Minutewomen. He was seven years m the Revolution and was in the Battle of Bunker Hill ; during the time from 1776-1782 his name occurs with frequency on the Revolutionary rolls. They were expected to respond quickly to danger at a minutes notice. Some of the first minutemen companies were created in Worcester, Massachusetts, in September 1774. Here the fighting became hand to hand and brutal. Dismissed April 23, 1775. Thereafter, until the end of 1776, Read served as colonel in command of several regiments of theMassachusetts Line. Joseph COLEMAN(1765 Newbury, Mass 1858 Lewiston, Maine), Josephs fatherJohn Coleman lived nearby during Battle of Bunker Hill Boston. Today, a US flag flies from the location now known as the muster field.. Order for wages, etc., on Ephraim Newell, Town Treasurer of Attleborough, dated July 5, 1776, for service on the alarm caused by the battle of Bunker Hill;also, list of men in Capt. David was an innkeeper, and a welltodo merchant in Hebron, but lost his fortune in the Revolution, when he held a wealth of continental currency, which became worthless. Thomas sons Christopher and Thomas French Jr. also served in the Revolutionary War. 12 Attleborough serving in the 9th campaign, known as the quot;quarter-draft or three months campaign, begun in Dec., 1776;also, Capt. (LogOut/ 14 Apr 1775 General Thomas Gage,received instructions fromSecretary of StateWilliam Legge, Earl of Dartmouth, to disarm the rebels, who were known to have hidden weapons in Concord, among other locations, and to imprison the rebellions leaders, especiallySamuel AdamsandJohn Hancock. They stopped just over the Lexington-Burlington line at Capt. The term has also been applied to various later United States civilian paramilitary forces. Throughought May, the British had been receiving reinforcements, until they reached a strength of about 6,000 men. Below are listed the names of 11 officers including Miles, "Daniel Brown drummer" and "Samuel Darby fifer," followed by 45 names (one neatly erased, one lined out). After a short period practicing medicine in Topsfield, he removed to Beverly. They disobeyed their orders by marching past Bunker Hill to Breeds Hill, where they worked quietly through the night without being detected. From 1629 to 1683, the towns had controlled themselves but in 1689, the King appointed governors. Edward HAZEN IIsgrandson Samuel Hazen (1740 Groton 1815 Shirley). It is during the retreat from the redoubt that Joseph Warren was killed. The royal authorities in Boston had seen these increasing numbers of militia appearing and thought that the militia would not interfere if they sent a sizable force to Concord to seize munitions and stores there (which they considered the King's property, since it was paid for to defend the colonies from the American Indian threat). He returned to Hollis and served as Chairman of the Committee of Safety. Fact #9: The Birthplace of the United States armed forces is considered by many to be at David Browns Farm near the North Bridge. She was General Gages wife and supported the patriots work more than she did her husbands. Robert CROSS grandson Nathaniel Cross (1747 Ipswich, Essex, Mass 1800 Exeter, Rockingham, New Hampshire) Private, Capt. Jacob in a distance of more than 200-miles brought him home to Groton, MA on a litter (made by fitting the butt end of small trees to the stirrups of a saddle and covered with a sack of hay). In some instances, militia units were the deciding factors in important battles. They wanted to be a free country and they would fight for it, which proved to be necessary in the end. Reuben Dow. Moses Littles company of minute-men who marched on the alarm of April 19, 1775 to Cambridge Service 5 days. Served in the Company commanded by Captain Christopher Woodbridge in the Massachusetts line: Fought and was wounded in the Battle of Bunker Hill: Applied for and received a pension in 1818; Widow Mercy applied and received pension in 1831; Edward HAZEN Jr.sgrandsonBenjamin Jewett (1724 Groton 1776 Ticonderoga, New York). "[21], There was a shortage of ammunition and supplies, and what they had were constantly being seized by British patrols. They found that, "including the sick and absent, it amounted to about 17,000 men, far short of the number wanted, that the council recommended an immediate application to the New England governments to make up the deficiency", resolving to re-organize and increase the size of the militia:[6], As per the section below, the Massachusetts legislature was stymied by Governor Hutchinson from passing a bill so resisting legislators (Samuel Adams being among the leaders) set up Committees of Correspondence (in parallel with their comrades in Connecticut, New Hampshire, and Rhode Island) that recommended to the militia to increase in size, reorganize, and form special companies of minutemen, who should be equipped and prepared to march at the shortest notice. The defenders had run out of ammunition, reducing the battle to close combat. At around 7 a.m. on April 19th word came to the town that 700 British Regulars were marching toward Lexington and Concord, presumably to seize a cache of weapons and ammunition stockpiled by the colonials. New York: Hill and Wang. When performing as skirmishers, the militia could fire and fall back behind cover or behind other troops, before the British could get into range. For all the benefits of a militia force, George Washington knew for the United States to gain its independence and to create a truly nation state, a nationalized standing army needed to be created. They regularly trained, and some were paid. When the British troops entered Lexington on the morning of April 19, they found about 80 minutemen formed up on the village common. John CHAPLINs grandsonDavid Chaplin (1754 Rowley, Essex, Mass Waterford, Oxford, Maine)was a private in Capt. Shots were exchanged, eight minutemen were killed, the outnumbered colonial militia dispersed, and the British . Widely accepted estimates include nearly 231,000 men served in the Continental Army, with the largest year being 1776. They were known for being ready at a minute's notice, hence the name. Stay up-to-date on the American Battlefield Trust's battlefield preservation efforts, travel tips, upcoming events, history content and more. The most likely idea would be that originally the phrase referred to and not the Battle of Lexington. Biographies of Minute Men on the Lexington Green, April 19, 1775 There were 80 men who answered the call of William Diamond's drum on the morning of April 19, 1775. ], Hollis had been wide awake long in advance and the ordinarily peaceful militia had been carefully drilled for service. A portion of the militia was well trained and well equipped, and set aside as a ready force. He was killed instantly by a musket ball in the head by a British officer (possibly Lieutenant Lord Rawdon) who recognized him. (LogOut/ Private, Capt. 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