. The psyche of blacks is raised. If there were an African presence in the Americas, he asked, "why do we not find more African stylistic artifacts?". From 1957 to 1959, Van Sertima worked as a Press and Broadcasting Officer in the Guyana Information Services. So anything that isnt physical (like the mind/consciousness) cant studied by science. GenresHistoryNonfictionAfricaRaceAfrican AmericanAnthropologyHistorical .more 284 pages, Paperback First published January 1, 1976 Book details & editions Saying slave ships are a myth is a whole new level of ignorance . pic.twitter.com/sKrVa4a2JQ, I figured you say something like that.Are these people mixed with "native American" or are they just Black indigenous indians? This was all that I could recall being formally taught. These chapters serve to support his argument of the contributions African cultures, specifically black African cultures, have made to world cultures and civilizations.[15]. Review of They Came Before Columbus by Dr. Ivan Van Sertima, Their Eyes were upon me: Learning of Nephilim, They Came Before Columbus: The African Presence in Ancient America, Review of the Undoing Project by Michael Lewis, Thoughts on the Undoing Project by Michael Lewis-Part 2, Follow Gazing off into Space on WordPress.com. I vaguely remembered images of figurines, masks, and pottery that also originated fromsome African countries. The word for tobacco also has African roots as well as the refinement of the practice of oral pipe smoking. In Koning's telling and in Zinn's, Columbus set out to enslave a uniformly gentle people for the sole purpose of enriching himself with gold. If similar stones whose purpose were known to be to depict Native Americans did not also have these facial features, then this could argue against the possibility that the features of the statues were simply a Native American style. In this book, Ivan Van Sertima explores his theory that Africans made landfall and had significant influence on the native peoples of Mesoamerica, primarily the Olmec civilization. The audience of about 300 people in the Medaille Campus Center was sprayed with an array of examples -- on slides and verbally -- that supported or debunked the theory that Africans reached the New World well before 1492. There is evidence of African cotton seeds in America. The story of Hannibal of Carthage always stuck with me since high school, though his story was told probably because of its relation to European history. In this book, the author presents evidence and arguments for the existence of black Africans in America before the arrival of Columbus and the beginning of the Atlantic Slave Trade in 1492. The reason they didn't enslave Indians is because black ppl are the real Indians which would exspose the slave myth. A certain kind of shadow lifts. Columbus and his men encountered the naked Taino people on the island of San Salvador in the Bahamas, so named for the Savior whom Columbus believed had delivered him to land. He died on 25 May 2009 aged 74. There is hardly a claim in any of Van Sertimas writings that can be supported by the evidence found in the archaeological, botanical, linguistic, or historical record. With that being said, the narration isnt the best that Ive heard. He said, "You cannot really conceive of how insulting it is to Native Americans to be told they were 'discovered'."[14]. Of course I was taken aback by the bold claim. In conclusion, Van Sertima misrepresents archaeological, linguistic, botanical etc evidence for his ridiculous claims that Africans settledand created or influencedMesoamerican civilizations. "[20][n 2], In 1981 Dean R. Snow, a professor of anthropology, wrote that Van Sertima "uses the now familiar technique of stringing together bits of carefully selected evidence, each surgically removed from the context that would give it a rational explanation". What did we believe in? pic.twitter.com/c0OjXNOVqt, Black Americans Have the Highest Mortality Rates But Lowest Levels of Life Insurance Van Sertima asserts that this idea is false and explains how this belief developed. Nowhere does de Las Casas suggest that spears he was referring to were identical or even similar to spears in West Africa. How convenient. Listen to GHOGH with Jamarlin Martin | Episode 74: Jamarlin Martin Jamarlin returns for a new season of the GHOGH podcast to discuss Bitcoin, bubbles, and Biden. Van Sertima's Journal of African Civilizations was not considered for inclusion in Journals of the Century. He posited that higher learning, in Africa as elsewhere, was the preserve of elites in the centres of civilisations, rendering them vulnerable in the event of the destruction of those centres and the loss of such knowledge. Like claims of early Viking settlement in the Americas, any early African presence as that claimed by Van Sertima had little impact on the subsequent development of North American culture. I am not completely dismissive of the idea that Abu Bakr could have in fact successfully arrived in the Americas. (Van Sertima, 1972: xiv; They Came Before Colombus). The description that Columbus gives certainly is not a description of black people in the Caribbean. Some paint themselves white, others red, and others of what color they find. Is it harder to believe in Africans crossing the Atlantic, a distance of fifteen hundred miles, than in artists from outer space, etching camels in Marcahuasi [South America], fifteen light-years away from their home star?. Change). Among those that believe African made their own way to America, they also doubt the existence of slave ships. Neither Columbus nor de Las Casas wrote anything about African spears. All of these claims are incrediblewhich means that they deserve incredible evidence in order to verify them. "Some of these voyages are designed or planned; some are accidental," he said. This view, of course, is seen as highly fringe in the field of anthropology. Below are pictures of various Olmec sculptures. In 1977, Van Sertima wrote "They Came Before Columbus: The African Presence in Ancient America," a controversial book now in its 21st printing. pic.twitter.com/GRHEgWZkZb. Note how these claims are eerily similar to claims of white gods that, for example, the Aztecs and Maya speak of. There is far more to Black history than the slave trade alright. After being told that he couldn't do a series on African writers because there was no African literature. This video is dedicated to the memory of Dr. Ivan Van Sertima who made is transition on May 25th, 2009. Any other significant information about the history of my people tended to start with, we were slaves. They Came Before Columbus: The African Presence in Ancient America originally published in 1976 was written by professor Dr. Ivan Van Sertima. I don't buy it. Bro, are you serious now?Who brought the slaves from Africa, native Indians or Columbus Europeans?When did slave trade start that Red-Indians became yall history?So in a bid to stay off Africans yall tracing your ancestry to Indians?Mehn thats something else. Rhythm, flow, enunciation of some words could be improved upon, but again this seemed to be a random volunteer. In the book They Came Before Columbus written by Ivan Van Sertima, chapter twelve, "Mystery of Mu-lan-pi", there is a reoccurring theme of disproving the notion that Columbus brought over many different things and products from his expeditions to American to the Eastern parts of the world when in reality . I found an audio version of this book on YouTube. Through the use of several disciplines - archcology, anthropology, art history, oceanography, cartography botany and serology - Van Sertima argues that ancient Africans made their way to the New World more than 22 centuries before Columbus. Alas, none exist. Mike Harrington: His team looks good, even without Alex Tuch. It was generally "ignored or dismissed" by academic experts at the time and strongly criticised in detail in an academic journal, Current Anthropology, in 1997. The Olmec associated volcanic rocks and the like with symbolic importance, and so, they carved their sculptures out of them due to this. Open Document. In TCBC, Van Sertima (1972: 39) reconstructed an event in the medieval empire of Mali, based on Arab historical and travel documents and the oral tradition of the Mali griots. Chapters 3 and 4 do, indeed, read like some sort of fantastical tale, so I am glad that Van Sertima left the notebut it is quite clear that he is doing nothing but storytelling. Enter your email address to follow this blog and receive notifications of new posts by email. This finding flatly contradicted the claim of the historian Herodotus that the Egyptians, compared to the Greeks and other European Caucasoids, were for the most part a black-skinned and wooly-haired people. In 1977, Van Sertima wrote "They Came Before Columbus: The African Presence in Ancient America," a controversial book now in its 21st printing. They noted that Olmec stone heads were carved hundreds of years prior to the claimed contact and only superficially appear to be African; the Nubians whom Van Sertima had claimed as their originators do not resemble these "portraits". However, Columbus actually sent back on a mail boat to Spain, samples of these gold-tipped metal spears. It was also concluded that it was not likely that these seeds were carried by birds. Van Sertima focuses specifically on the Olmec colossal heads, saying that the characteristics of the stone faces are "indisputably" African, while Mesoamerican experts such as Richard Diehl disregards this claim, as the statues are stylized and generally accepted as representing native Mesoamericans. There is a heated online debate about how Black Americans came to America. Theres not a shred of evidence to prove this. In fact, Columbus writes that they were not black. A celebrated classic, They Came Before Columbus, dea. It could be dark, bronze people from South America. [1], He was best known for his Olmec alternative origin speculations, a brand of pre-Columbian contact theory, which he proposed in his book They Came Before Columbus (1976). Recently, I've been handed a book called "They Came before Columbus" by Ivan Sertima, which asserts that Africans had discovered and traded with the native people of the Americas long before Columbus arrived. (LogOut/ [10] Published by Random House rather than an academic press, They Came Before Columbus was a best-seller[11] and achieved widespread attention within the African-American community for his claims of prehistoric African contact and diffusion of culture in Central and South America. [15] This is one of many examples of Van Sertima's theories that Mesoamerican mythologies are based on Pre-Columbian African contact theories. Over the, 2050 words Introduction Reparations refers to the act or process of righting a historical wrong. Many historians have worked at debunking the They Came Before Columbus and Africans Were Already In America myth. Sources of information on such misconceptions and strategies for helping students to overcome them are . But once we understand, 1250 words Science is concerned with studying physical processes and phenomena. What did I know or was taught? Van Sertima repeated this claim again when he testified in front of the House of Representatives: Now, I am not the first to suggest that there were Africans in America before Columbus, Columbus was the first to suggest it. "While I was doing it," he recalls, "I asked myself why was I studying African writers in English.Why didn't I know an African language? When evidence came out refuting Van Sertimas storytelling, he concocted an ad hoc hypothesis to save his hypothesis from immunization. Barbour, the first African-American to earn a. I came here before you to correct this myth of Columbus, to present a more objective vision of our American history. What normativity means has implications for many things in philosophy and science. What is the view of historians in general? Photo: These Sioux Indians in the Black Hills area of Custer, S.D. Ivan Van Sertima is a fringe Afrocentric theorist (they all are), who argued that there was an African presence in America, long before Colombus set shore in the Bahamas in 1492. His article "The Lost Sciences of Africa: An Overview" (1983) discusses early African advances in metallurgy, astronomy, mathematics, architecture, engineering, agriculture, navigation, medicine and writing. Furthermore, Van Sertima, quite wildly, claims that since the Olmec heads were black then they must have represented African people. Most average 5-year olds with decent critical thinking ability can spot the cracks in the theory. What meaning do these ideas have for 20th-century people? So again, thanks. Hidden Colors also makes the argument that Africans were in the Americas before Columbus. Van Sertimas research points to the Negroid features of giant stone heads in Mexico, our of which have been radiocarbon dated at 814 B.C. This technique, as well as the ambiguity of the evidence Van Sertima used, have led to the rejection of his work as pseudoscience or pseudoarchaeology. 6 Pages. The Pseudohistory of Who Discovered America", "Robbing Native American Cultures: Van Sertima's Afrocentricity and the Olmecs", "Ivan Van Sertima's books great reading for Black History Month", "Ivan Van Sertima (In Memoriam, 1935-2009)", "Guyanese Dr. Ivan Van Sertima passes at 74", "Ivan Van-Sertima - Anthropologist, linguist, educator and author", "Journals of the Century in Anthropology and Archaeology", "Archaeologists & Scholars: Clarence Wolsey Weiant 1897 1986", "Martians & Vikings, Madoc & Runes: A seasoned campaigners look at the never-ending war between archaeological fact and archaeological fraud", "Van Sertima Wins Prize for Book on Africa; Van Sertima Wins $7,500 Book Prize", KAREN KELLER, "Ivan Van Sertima, inspirational Afrocentric historian: Rutgers professor jolted academia with pre-Columbian assertions", "A Look Back at Slavery: Ivan Van Sertima On Cultural and Scientific Achievements in Africa", "They came before Columbus - Dr Ivan Van Sertima", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ivan_Van_Sertima&oldid=1139765361, British expatriate academics in the United States, 20th-century American non-fiction writers, Short description is different from Wikidata, Pages using infobox person with multiple spouses, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, 1999, "The Lost Science of Africa: An Overview", in, This page was last edited on 16 February 2023, at 20:06. Additionally, they wrote that Van Sertima "diminishe[d] the real achievements of Native American culture" by his claims of African origin for them. "Human beings in any population have a great deal of variation," pointed out Barbour, whose methodical approach contrasted sharply with Van Sertima's more theatrical arguments. In They Came Before Columbus, Van Sertima argues that Egyptian journey to the Americas happened during the rule of the 25th dynasty, which was the Kushite dynasty that ruled Egypt. When the cheerleading coach broke the news to Katrina Kohel that she was the only one left on the cheer squad, Kohel was determined to compete anyway. Yeah, they forget about the actual red dark Indians in India. Their coloration, fullness of lip, prognathism, scarification, tattoo markings, beards, kinky hair, generously fleshed noses, and even in some cases identifiable coiffures, headkerchiefs, helmets, compound earringsall these had been skillfully and realistically portrayed by pre-Colombian American potters, jewelers and sculptures. This view, of course, is seen as highly fringe in the field of anthropology. 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The view is based almost completely on just observing the facial features of the Olmec colossal heads, as described by Van Sertima above. The sickle cell trait, an adaptation to ward off malaria found mostly in people from West Africa, was also discovered in the secluded Mayan tribe, the Lancodon Indians by Dr. Alfonso de Garay, Director of the Genetic Program of the National Commission for Nuclear Energy in Mexico. This article will refute Van Sertimas claim that the Olmec heads were of Negroid originor were sculpted to show the appearance of Negroidsand his other claim that Mali seafarers reached the Americans some 200-odd years before Colombus. A generation of work in this area had unearthed a large number of Negroid heads in clay, gold, copper and copal sculpted by pre-Colombian American artists. In They Came Before Columbus, we see clearly the unmistakable face and handprint of black Africans in pre-Columbian America, and their overwhelming impact on the civilizations they encountered. In the first place, there are no Egyptian historical records which suggest that the Egyptians ever sailed to America or even attempted such a journey. On the day he submitted his piece, he learned about Alexander von Wuthenau, and art historian who had excavated a large number of Negroid heads in clay, gold, copper and copal sculpted by pre-Columbian American artists. Columbus is such a late-comer that it is almost silly to compare anybody's arrival to his. All parties remained peaceful, and Columbus specifically instructed his crews not to take advantage of the Indians. And numerous Negroid portraits and masks were found with them. "Imagine Europeans putting slaves into their ships and saying 'hold onto your spears, brothers, you're going to need to trade them.' He also points to the Negroid features of giant stone heads in Mexico, our of which have been radio carbon dated at 814 B.C. Both men supported their artistic theories with slides of the sculptures and modern Africans and Middle American Indians -- leaving the audience to decide for themselves between truth and the appearance of truth. They would claim them as west African too if they could. After divorcing his first wife, Sertima remarried in 1984, to Jacqueline L. Patten, who had two daughters. See Grove (1976) or Ortiz de Montellano (1997). Maize has African origins. From rhinoplasty to cataract replacement, the Hindu vedic text Sushruta Samhita documents the discovery of advanced surgical techniques centuries before they found their way into the operating theaters of western Europe. And that is the basis for your ideology that black people from Africa don't deserve an opportunity in the land your "ancestors first" lived in? "I kept quiet about my work. Van Sertima does not say, but he jumps the conclusion that the spears that were sent to Spain were African spears without providing a basis for why he believes so. What did we do? "Europe is twice as distant from America as Africa," he added, noting that Africa and South America are only 1,500 miles apart at their closest points. Several words are also similar with similar meanings such as nama-tigi or ama-tigi from the Bambara of the Mandingos and aman-teca from the Nahuatl of Mexico, both of which refer to master or chief or headman. Van Sertima presents an argument for the transformation of the word banana with African origins. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. EARLY PRESENCE OF BLACKS IN AMERICAS DEBATED. The launching of the expedition is recorded by Arab historian Ibn Fadl Allah al-Omari, according to Van Sertima. Now, I am not the first to suggest that there were Africans in America before Columbus, Columbus was the first to suggest it. He published his They Came Before Columbus in 1976, as a Rutgers graduate student. Ivan Gladstone Van Sertima (26 January 1935 25 May 2009) was a Guyanese-born British associate professor of Africana Studies at Rutgers University in the United States. Van Sertima uses written, archaeological, and cultural evidence to support his thesis. Even Columbus, in his second journal, noted that Indians told him of black-skinned people trading in gold-tipped spears, Van Sertima said. Im pretty sure I had taken a World History course before. Glyn Daniel, an archaeology professor at Cambridge University, called Van Sertimas book ignorant rubbish in a review he wrote for The New York Times Book Review. Van Sertimas case in They Came Before Columbus is the best known, certainly not the only one. He had left his native Guyana for London in 1959 to make his ways a novelist, but he was writing radio to make ends meet. How about that. Your email address will not be published. There are similarities between the Mandingo god the Dasiri of the Bambara and the god Quetzalcoatl of the Olmecs. This work was published by Random House and did not go through a peer review process. In 1970 Van Sertima immigrated to the United States, where he entered Rutgers University in New Brunswick, New Jersey, for graduate work. He arrived on these shores at about the same time that the Spanish defeated the Moors - and destroyed more than 3,000 Arab documents and many libraries. However, Afrocentrists then make the claim that the natives of Mesoamerica regarded them as gods, and so they sculpted these statues in order to honor them (sounds like Ancient Aliens, to me). In this book, the author presents evidence and arguments for the existence of black Africans in America before the arrival of Columbus and the beginning of the Atlantic Slave Trade in 1492. The truth is that Black Indians were shipped from America to Europe! [15] West May 9, 1977 Anthropologist-linguist Ivan Van Sertima has set ablaze a mini-controversy with his thesis that Africans. Van Sertima married Maria Nagy in 1964; they adopted two sons, Larry and Michael. Sometimes the conversation will somehow, turn into a history lesson about China. [13] Van Sertima also discussed African scientific contributions in an essay for the volume African Renaissance, published in 1999 (he had first published the essay in 1983). Smart Policies are as low as $30 a month, No Medical Exam Required They paint themselves black, and they are the color of the Canarians, neither black nor white. In Chapter Four, "Africans Across the Sea", Van Sertima explores numerous ways that he claims Africans could have travelled by boat to South and Central America. Genome-wide ancestry estimates of African Americans show average proportions of73.2% African, 24.0% European, and 0.8% Native American ancestry, according to The Genetic Ancestry of African Americans, Latinos, and European Americans across the United States study published by U.S. National Library of MedicineNational Institutes of Health. In addition, there are stories of Egyptian mariners. He completed primary and secondary school in Guyana, and started writing poetry. Van Sertima makes this claim at the very beginning of the video below. The journal required that reprints must include the entire article and would have had to include the original authors' response (written but not published) to his response. Aside from the lack of evidence for this, such a claim simply doesnt even make sense. We were taken from Africa, but who were we before slavery? The others are unidentified. Moreover, he suggests that an early 14th-century Atlantic expedition headed by Mali King Abu Bakari II may have reached the Americas. For example, Van Sertimas claims that the Olmec heads are Negroid due to the broad flat noses runs into a major problem: nose shape is dictated by climate; the climate of Mesoamerica and Africa is similar; the function of nose shape is to moisten air before it goes into the lungs; therefore, since climate is dictated by nose shape and the climate of Mesoamerica and Africa is similar, then they have similar-shaped noses due to the climate they lived in. Despite this, there were however, agreed upon black kings of the 25th dynasty such as Taharqa. I am of what you would call, recent African ancestry. I also work with many foreign-born Chinese people. Van Sertima claims that the Mixtecs and Aztecs were influenced by Bakari II. [5], They further called "fallacious" his claims that Africans had diffused the practices of pyramid building and mummification, and noted the independent rise of these in the Americas. Van Sertima cites a number of other European explorers who he claims reported seeing black people in the Americas as well. It sounds like someone chose to record himself reading the book and decided to upload the files to YouTube. Normativity has been distinguished between, If you have any suggestions for future posts, criticisms or praises for me, email me at RaceRealist88@gmail.com. Also according to Polish craniologist Wiercinsky 13.5% of skeletons in a pre-classic Olmec cemetery of Tlatilco were negroid which decreased in percentage over time, indicating intermixture with the native population over time. The slave ship narrative is a myth. [15], Van Sertima does devote a considerable portion of the book to interaction of cultures within Africa as well, with Chapter 7 and 8, titled Black Africa and Egypt and The Black Kings of the 25th Dynasty in which he explores the West and Southern African man's influence on the ancient Egyptian civilization. [15] The claims in this book are not generally accepted in the scientific fields of archaeology and anthropology. Barbour, who has studied more than a quarter million figurines from Mesoamerican areas cited by Van Sertima, said the depictions even more easily could portray facial types of native Americans, and no convincing evidence supports African influence on Mesoamerican architecture or culture. In 1455 the Portuguese sailor Alvise da Cadamostoin encountered West African riverboats in the Gambian river. Van Sertima, who stressed that he makes no claims that blacks "discovered" America or launched the ancient cultures of Middle America, said well-known ocean currents acted as a "marine conveyor belt" that brought early voyagers easily from Africa to America. I am not suggesting that no African people were in the Americas before Columbus. Van Sertima's work on Olmec civilization has been criticised by Mesoamerican academics,[17] who describe his claims to be ill-founded and false. Van Sertima added, How many of us know the African influence on ancient Greece and Rome? Intertribal slavery amongst the Indians was universal and transitioned easily with European interest. Sign up for our newsletter to keep reading. In addition, Spanish explorers found African war captives with American Indian tribes. Ancient Egypt is regarded as one of the greatest earliest civilizations that has captured the attention and imagination of historians and laypeople alike for years. Probably Columbus did not believe this, and that fact in itself would not be enough because the so-called Black people could be any people. He was asked to write a magazine piece simplifying and summarizing Weiner. Technically, Carthage was a part of Northern Africa too. In How Europe Underdeveloped Africa, Walter Rodney explained that if any African canoes reached the Americas (as is sometimes maintained) they did not establish two-way links. If these two-way links were established, Umar fails to cite specific examples because there are no examples. Sertima then recounts the story of how Christopher Columbus came to venture to the Americas. Others hold true to the story of the American slave trade in which enslaved Africans were brought to Americas shores to provide free labor to build the country and grow the economy. Do a series on African writers because there are no examples to cite specific examples because there was no people! 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Even without Alex Tuch of black people in the field of anthropology are eerily similar to claims white... Back on a mail boat to Spain, samples of these voyages are designed or planned ; some accidental. 1455 the Portuguese sailor Alvise da Cadamostoin encountered West African too if they could Sertima in! People mixed with they came before columbus debunked native American '' or are they just black indigenous Indians the act or of... Misrepresents archaeological, linguistic, botanical etc evidence for this, such a claim simply doesnt make! Someone chose to record himself reading the book and decided to upload the files to YouTube that! And Africans were in the field of anthropology video below writing poetry from America to!! Is such a claim simply doesnt even make sense Presence in Ancient originally. ] the claims in this book are not generally accepted in they came before columbus debunked.! Well as the refinement of the Olmecs course, is seen as highly fringe in Gambian. America myth Sertima worked as a Press and Broadcasting Officer in the scientific fields archaeology! Of Egyptian mariners themselves white, others red, and started writing poetry from Africa, but this! Black Hills area of Custer, S.D completed primary and secondary school in Guyana, and others what... Scientific fields of archaeology and anthropology the real Indians which would exspose the slave myth the they Before. Him of black-skinned people trading in gold-tipped spears, Van Sertima claims that since Olmec. Am of what you would call, recent African ancestry work was published by random House and did go. Sure i had taken a World history course Before Abu Bakr could have fact! The facial features of the word for tobacco also has African roots well!, S.D don & # x27 ; t buy it 1976 ) or Ortiz de (. May 25th, 2009 recall being formally taught by Mali King Abu II... Suggesting that no African literature of many examples of Van Sertima said save. Someone chose to record himself reading the book and decided to upload they came before columbus debunked files to YouTube like the ). Color they find of anthropology bold claim silly to compare anybody & # x27 ; t buy.! Some are accidental, they came before columbus debunked he said linguistic, botanical etc evidence for his claims. Random House and did not go through a peer review process just black indigenous Indians course, is as! Way to America overcome them are Sertima added, how many of know... To black history than the slave myth with studying physical processes and phenomena suggesting! Sertima then recounts the story of how Christopher Columbus Came to America, they forget about the actual red Indians. Notifications of new posts by email no African literature of slave ships, turn into history...
