Alison Drasner, the project coordinator for the Somerville Museum, teamed up with Dave Ortega at the Somerville Media Center to prerecord voices of 50 Somerville residents, including my 7-year-old daughter, Charlotte, to read sections of the speech. The fact that the church of our country, (with fractional exceptions), does not esteem the Fugitive Slave Law as a declaration of war against religious liberty, implies that that church regards religion simply as a form of worship, an empty ceremony, and not a vital principle, requiring active benevolence, justice, love and good will towards man. What to the Slave is the Fourth of July by Frederick Douglass annotation? But a still more inhuman, disgraceful, and scandalous state of things remains to be presented. And it also imposed severe penalties on anyone who helped enslaved people to escape. They, however, gradually flow back to the same old channel, and flow on as serenely as ever. (3) $3.99. [Under the Act] it became illegal not to arrest and return runaway slaves. To drag a man in fetters into the grand illuminated temple of liberty, and call upon him to join you in joyous anthems, were inhuman mockery and sacrilegious irony. Africa must rise and put on her yet unwoven garment. What to a Slave is the Fourth of July Frederick Douglass Fredrick speech. You profess to believe that, of one blood, God made all nations of men to dwell on the face of all the earth, and hath commanded all men, everywhere to love one another; yet you notoriously hate, (and glory in your hatred), all men whose skins are not colored like your own. welcome atheism! Is that a question for Republicans? Douglass addressed a part of the population for which the day had huge significance the true independence, he argues, is not for the American people, but for the American slave. when ye make many prayers, I will not hear. It was fashionable, hundreds of years ago, for the children of Jacob to boast, we have Abraham to our father, when they had long lost Abrahams faith and spirit. Table of Contents. The cause of liberty may be stabbed by the men who glory in the deeds of your fathers. Summary of Part 1:In part one of the speech "What to a Slave is the Fourth of July", Fredrick Douglass. It is a slander upon their memory, at least, so I believe. official permission or approval. Your fathers esteemed the English Government as the home government; and England as the fatherland. See this drove sold and separated forever; and never forget the deep, sad sobs that arose from that scattered multitude. (1982). [5] Many copies of one section of it, beginning in paragraph 32, have been circulated online. The testimony of Senator Breese, Lewis Cass, and many others that might be named, who are everywhere esteemed as sound lawyers, so regard the constitution. In July of 1852, Frederick Douglass prepares a speech known as The Meaning of July Fourth for the Negro. From the slave prison to the ship, they are usually driven in the darkness of night; for since the antislavery agitation, a certain caution is observed.In the deep still darkness of midnight, I have been often aroused by the dead heavy footsteps, and the piteous cries of the chained gangs that passed our door. It is the antagonistic force in your government, the only thing that seriously disturbs and endangers your Union. Youll never experience a black hole, but Avi Loeb can help you imagine one, We need individual events like reading Douglass, but we also need to be thinking about ways to extend this conversation over the long term., Level of cannabis use could determine post-op outcomes, Historian says Fla. dispute shows why AP class in African American studies is needed, Why Church Committee alums urged new House panel to avoid partisanship, What to the Slave is the Fourth of July?, Rewriting history to include all of it this time. Ethiopia shall stretch out her hand unto God. In the fervent aspirations of William Lloyd Garrison, I say, and let every heart join in saying it: Frederick Douglass delivered his famous speech at the Corinthian Hall in Rochester, NY, on July 5th, 1852. We need the storm, the whirlwind, and the earthquake. The time for such argument is passed.At a time like this, scorching irony, not convincing argument, is needed. Not fewer than forty Americans have, within the past two years, been hunted down and, without a moments warning, hurried away in chains, and consigned to slavery and excruciating torture. You glory in your refinement and your universal education yet you maintain a system as barbarous and dreadful as ever stained the character of a nationa system begun in avarice, supported in pride, and perpetuated in cruelty. As with rivers so with nations. I say it with a sad sense of the disparity between us. More than 150 years later, Keidrick Roy, a doctoral student in American Studies at the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences and a U.S. Air Force veteran, will host a virtual community reading and discussion of the storied speech at the Somerville Museum on Thursday as part of the annual state-wide MassHumanities program Reading Frederick Douglass Together.. Easel Activity. A John Knox would be seen at every church door, and heard from every pulpit, and Fillmore would have no more quarter than was shown by Knox, to the beautiful, but treacherous queen Mary of Scotland. He had delivered a series of seven lectures about slavery there in the winter of 185051. He wrote a glowing letter of encouragement to Harriet Tubman, which served as the preface to Sarah Bradfords 1869 biography about Tubmans life. There are seventy-two crimes in the State of Virginia, which, if committed by a black man, (no matter how ignorant he be), subject him to the punishment of death; while only two of the same crimes will subject a white man to the like punishment. Great streams are not easily turned from channels, worn deep in the course of ages. He was fortunate to have been taught to read by his slave owner mistress, and he would go on to become one of the major literary figures of his time. Of this sort of change they are always strongly in favor. If any man in this assembly thinks differently from me in this matter, and feels able to disprove my statements, I will gladly confront him at any suitable time and place he may select.I take this law to be one of the grossest infringements of Christian Liberty, and, if the churches and ministers of our country were not stupidly blind, or most wickedly indifferent, they, too, would so regard it.At the very moment that they are thanking God for the enjoyment of civil and religious liberty, and for the right to worship God according to the dictates of their own consciences, they are utterly silent in respect to a law which robs religion of its chief significance, and makes it utterly worthless to a world lying in wickedness. we wept when we remembered Zion. Walled cities and empires have become unfashionable. On July 4, 1852, Frederick Douglass-- a former American slave, abolitionist leader and adroit speaker-- spoke in Rochester, New York about the affectation of celebrating independence. He is outraged by the lack of responsibility and indifference towards slavery that many sects have taken around the nation. weeping, as she thinks of the mother from whom she has been torn! At the same time, we need to be studying the history of slavery and racism in this country so we can build policies, practices, and procedures that address the present problems with those historical inequities in mind. In his speech, "The Hypocrisy of American Slavery . Heat and sorrow have nearly consumed their strength; suddenly you hear a quick snap, like the discharge of a rifle; the fetters clank, and the chain rattles simultaneously; your ears are saluted with a scream, that seems to have torn its way to the center of your soul! The subject has been handled with masterly power by Lysander Spooner, Esq., by William Goodell, by Samuel E. Sewall, Esq., and last, though not least, by Gerritt Smith, Esq. Great for your high school American Literature class. It is neither. I answer: a day that reveals to him, more than all other days in the year, the gross injustice and cruelty to which he is the constant victim. He further says, the Constitution, in its words, is plain and intelligible, and is meant for the home-bred, unsophisticated understandings of our fellow-citizens. They inhabit all our Southern States. [20]:345He also attempts to demonstrate the irony of their inability to sympathize with the Black people they oppressed in cruel ways that the forefathers they valorized never experienced. Interview was lightly edited for clarity and length. Cling to this daycling to it, and to its principles, with the grasp of a storm-tossed mariner to a spar at midnight, Neither steam nor lightning had then been reduced to order and discipline, With them, justice, liberty and humanity were final; not slavery and oppression. Your lawmakers have commanded all good citizens to engage in this hellish sport. According to Douglass, these inconsistencies have made the United States the object of mockery and often contempt among the various nations of the world. The Oratory of Fr. Further, if this demand were not complied with, another Scotland would be added to the history of religious liberty, and the stern old Covenanters would be thrown into the shade. Douglass also stresses the view that slaves and free Americans are equal in nature. It is carried on in all the large towns and cities in one-half of this confederacy; and millions are pocketed every year, by dealers in this horrid traffic. Where these go, may also go the merciless slave-hunter. Hear his savage yells and his blood-chilling oaths, as he hurries on his affrighted captives! He thinks they were extremely intelligent, and the thinks it is admirable that when they realized they were oppressed by Britain, they rebelled. [12], According to the 1850 Census, there were around 3.2 million enslaved persons in the United States. As the sheet anchor takes a firmer hold, when the ship is tossed by the storm, so did the cause of your fathers grow stronger, as it breasted the chilling blasts of kingly displeasure. They strip the love of God of its beauty, and leave the throng of religion a huge, horrible, repulsive form. A self-taught man, he escaped from slavery and eventually became a leader in the abolitionist movement. Must I argue the wrongfulness of slavery? Attend the auction; see men examined like horses; see the forms of women rudely and brutally exposed to the shocking gaze of American slave-buyers. He implored the Rochester, N.Y., audience to think about the ongoing oppression of Black Americans during a holiday celebrating freedom. But its quite another to change the way you see yourself and to grow into a person deeply committed to long-term interracial coalition building. There are illustrations of it near and remote, ancient and modern. Is it not astonishing that, while we are ploughing, planting and reaping, using all kinds of mechanical tools, erecting houses, constructing bridges, building ships, working in metals of brass, iron, copper, silver and gold; that, while we are reading, writing and cyphering, acting as clerks, merchants and secretaries, having among us lawyers, doctors, ministers, poets, authors, editors, orators and teachers; that, while we are engaged in all manner of enterprises common to other men, digging gold in California, capturing the whale in the Pacific, feeding sheep and cattle on the hill-side, living, moving, acting, thinking, planning, living in families as husbands, wives and children, and, above all, confessing and worshipping the Christians God, and looking hopefully for life and immortality beyond the grave, we are called upon to prove that we are men!Would you have me argue that man is entitled to liberty? Here you will see men and women reared like swine for the market. You have no right to enjoy a childs share in the labor of your fathers, unless your children are to be blest by your labors. Douglass argues that religion is the center of the problem but also the main solution to it. He validates the feelings of injustice the Founders felt then juxtaposes their experiences with vivid descriptions of the harshness of slavery.[21]. [8] Frederick Douglass had moved to Rochester in 1847 in order to publish his newspaper The North Star. The inaugural meeting between six women took place in Corinthian Hall on August 20. Genius is the ultimate source of music knowledge, created by scholars like you who share facts and insight about the songs and artists they love. The drove moves tardily. It is neither. dismay. your republican politics, not less than your republican religion, are flagrantly inconsistent. who stand as the very lights of the church, have shamelessly given the sanction of religion and the Bible to the whole slave system. PDF. My business, if I have any here to-day, is with the present. That people contented themselves under the shadow of Abrahams great name, while they repudiated the deeds which made his name great. Some of these have had wives and children, dependent on them for bread; but of this, no account was made. Is slavery among them? [6] Due to this and the variant titles given to it in various places, and the fact that it is called a July Fourth Oration but was actually delivered on July 5, some confusion has arisen about the date and contents of the speech. What to the Slave is the Fourth of July? I will not equivocate; I will not excuse; I will use the severest language I can command; and yet not one word shall escape me that any man, whose judgment is not blinded by prejudice, or who is not at heart a slaveholder, shall not confess to be right and just.But I fancy I hear some one of my audience say, it is just in this circumstance that you and your brother abolitionists fail to make a favorable impression on the public mind. [4], The speech "What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July?" In his speech, he argues that the Fourth of July is the darkest as well as most mournful . Whether we turn to the declarations of the past, or to the professions of the present, the conduct of the nation seems equally hideous and revolting. Must I argue the wrongfulness of slavery? What is now known as the "What to the Slave is the Fourth of July?" speech was delivered on July 5, 1852 as an address to the Rochester Ladies' Anti-Slavery Society in Rochester, New York. Her speed had faltered under the weight of her child and her chains! This Fourth [of] July is yours, not mine. America is false to the past, false to the present, and solemnly binds herself to be false to the future, Douglass said. But we also need to invest as a city and as a society into reading and learning more about the present realities of oppressed peoples. We have to do with the past only as we can make it useful to the present and to the future. When a child, my soul was often pierced with a sense of its horrors. By the rivers of Babylon, there we sat down. that it should be so; yet so it is. So its important that our city and our society are outraged by the recent murders of unarmed black people. He is a bird for the sportsmans gun. The little experience I have had in addressing public meetings, in country schoolhouses, avails me nothing on the present occasion. In that instrument I hold there is neither warrant, license, nor sanction of the hateful thing; but, interpreted as it ought to be interpreted, the Constitution is a GLORIOUS LIBERTY DOCUMENT. For it is not light that is needed, but fire; it is not the gentle shower, but thunder. In "What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July?" Frederick Douglass sought not only to convince people of the wrongfulness of slavery but also to make abolition more acceptable to Northern whites. One small step toward understanding gravity, Nothing that is not there and the nothing that is. Your high independence only reveals the immeasurable distance between us. You are all on fire at the mention of liberty for France or for Ireland; but are as cold as an iceberg at the thought of liberty for the enslaved of America. But now is the time, the important time. [27], In the United States, the speech is widely taught in history and English classes in high school and college. Are the great principles of political freedom and of natural justice, embodied in that Declaration of Independence, extended to us? Would you have me argue that man is entitled to liberty? The slaveholders themselves acknowledge it in the enactment of laws for their government. Over 150,000 persons were sold between 1820 and 1830, and over 300,000 were sold between 1850 and 1860.[15]. The 4th of July Address, delivered in Corinthian Hall, by Frederick Douglass, is published on good paper, and makes a neat pamphlet of forty pages. You invite to your shores fugitives of oppression from abroad, honor them with banquets, greet them with ovations, cheer them, toast them, salute them, protect them, and pour out your money to them like water; but the fugitives from your own land you advertise, hunt, arrest, shoot and kill. The minister of American justice is bound by the law to hear but one side; and that side, is the side of the oppressor. I will not equivocate; I will not excuse;. There should be no shoulder that does not bear the burden of the government. He had a prophetic vision for the future that he was always trying to work toward. To drag a man in fetters into the grand illuminated temple of liberty, and call upon him to join you in joyous anthems, were inhuman mockery and sacrilegious irony. Is it not astonishing that, while we are ploughing, planting and reaping, using all kinds of mechanical tools, erecting houses, constructing bridges, building ships, working in metals of brass, iron, copper, silver and gold; that, while we are reading, writing and cyphering, acting as clerks, merchants and secretaries, having among us lawyers, doctors, ministers, poets, authors, editors, orators and teachers; that, while we are engaged in all manner of enterprises common to other men, digging gold in California, capturing the whale in the Pacific, feeding sheep and cattle on the hill-side, living, moving, acting, thinking, planning, living in families as husbands, wives and children, and, above all, confessing and worshipping the Christians God, and looking hopefully for life and immortality beyond the grave, we are called upon to prove that we are men! Is it at the gateway? You discourse eloquently on the dignity of labor; yet, you sustain a system which, in its very essence, casts a stigma upon labor. welcome anything! What, to the American slave, is your 4th of July? These wretched people are to be sold singly, or in lots, to suit purchasers. It esteems sacrifice above mercy; psalm-singing above right doing; solemn meetings above practical righteousness. He talks about how Americans are proud of their country and their religion and how they rejoice in the name of freedom and liberty and yet they do not offer those things to millions of their country's residents. Wind, steam, and lightning are its chartered agents. YOUR HANDS ARE FULL OF BLOOD; cease to do evil, learn to do well; seek judgment; relieve the oppressed; judge for the fatherless; plead for the widow.The American church is guilty, when viewed in connection with what it is doing to uphold slavery; but it is superlatively guilty when viewed in connection with its ability to abolish slavery. Let this damning fact be perpetually told. [5] American studies professor Andrew S. Bibby argues that because many of the editions produced for educational use are abridged, they often misrepresent Douglass's original through omission or editorial focus. This home government, you know, although a considerable distance from your home, did, in the exercise of its parental prerogatives, impose upon its colonial children, such restraints, burdens and limitations, as, in its mature judgment, it deemed wise, right and proper. Yea! The country can progress like it has before, transforming from being a colony of a far-away king to an independent nation. What to the Slave is the Fourth of July | Historical Context The Colonial regime paved way for the transportation of slaves from different parts of the world, mostly from the African continent to work in southern states of America on cash crop plantations that generated a great source of income. Noble men may be found, scattered all over these Northern States, of whom Henry Ward Beecher of Brooklyn, Samuel J. I answer; a day that reveals to him, more than all other days in the year, the gross injustice and cruelty to which he is the constant victim. [Throughout the speech] Douglass looks at the contradictions between the reality of slavery and the lofty claims of a just society outlined in the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution. In spite of his praise of the Founding Fathers, he maintains that slaves owe nothing to and have no positive feelings towards the founding of the United States. There, see the old man, with locks thinned and gray. 5.0. It has made itself the bulwark of American slavery, and the shield of American slave-hunters. [7], The Rochester Ladies' Anti-Slavery Society was founded in 1851. Oceans no longer divide, but link nations together. Whether we turn to the declarations of the past, or to the professions of the present, the conduct of the nation seems equally hideous and revolting. We need individual events like reading Douglass, but we also need to be thinking about ways to extend this conversation over the long term. [4], Noted for its biting irony and bitter rhetoric, and acute textual analysis of the U.S. Constitution, the Declaration of Independence, and the Christian Bible, the speech is among the most widely known of all of Douglass's writings. This page was last edited on 5 February 2023, at 19:31. They are plain, common-sense rules, such as you and I, and all of us, can understand and apply, without having passed years in the study of law. Your fathers have lived, died, and have done their work, and have done much of it well. How can we sing the Lords song in a strange land? They may also rise in wrath and fury, and bear away, on their angry waves, the accumulated wealth of years of toil and hardship. The Fugitive Slave Law makes mercy to them a crime; and bribes the judge who tries them. No abuse, no outrage whether in taste, sport or avarice, can now hide itself from the all-pervading light. Intelligence is penetrating the darkest corners of the globe. They are food for the cotton-field, and the deadly sugar-mill. By that act, Mason and Dixons line has been obliterated; New York has become as Virginia; and the power to hold, hunt, and sell men, women, and children as slaves remains no longer a mere state institution, but is now an institution of the whole United States. The blessings in which you, this day, rejoice, are not enjoyed in common. The evil that men do, lives after them, The good is oft-interred with their bones. Text Frederick Douglass, " What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July? [11] Additionally, he had spoken there less than three months prior to this speech, on March 25. For the present, it is enough to affirm the equal manhood of the Negro race. 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