In April 2021, pro-government legislators passed a law extending the terms of the Supreme Court Chief Justice and members of the Federal Judiciary Council, which controls hiring and firing of judges. The Federal Center, however, estimated that only 10 to 15 percent of those collective bargaining agreements would undergo a legitimization vote because the worksite where the agreement was valid had closed, the work for which the agreement was negotiated had concluded, or the contract was a protection contract held by a nonrepresentative union. While the Supreme Court upheld the provisions, it noted the need for authorities to obtain a judicial warrant to access user metadata. Authorities declared 10 political parties eligible to participate in the midterm elections. The attorney general never properly implemented a 2018 reform intended to make the office more independent from the government and more accountable to victims and their families, human rights and rule-of-law groups report. Workers had to buy food and other items at the company store at high markups, at times leaving them with no money at the end of the harvest after settling debts. In many states, people with disabilities have no choice but to depend on their families for assistance or to live in institutions, which is inconsistent with their right to live independently and be included in the community under the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. The state search commission paused all search efforts between May and June due to increased levels of insecurity for family search collectives, according to civil society groups. Following the introduction of the accusatorial justice system, however, there was a significant reduction in the number of persons detained in this manner, falling from more than 1,900 in 2011 to 21 in 2018. In June the Supreme Court issued a unanimous decision confirming that the exercise of the right to strike suspends the processing of collective conflicts of an economic nature that may be pending before the court and the topics that they present, unless the workers express in writing their agreement to submit the conflict to the decision of the court. Bail is available for most crimes, except for those involving organized crime and a limited number of other offenses. In the June midterm elections, citizens voted for all members of the Chamber of Deputies, 15 governors, state legislators, and mayors across the country. Crime and violence are widespread in Michoacan state. Enforcement was inadequate in many small companies, in agriculture, and in construction, and nearly absent in the informal sector in which most child laborers worked. Both violent and non-violent crime occur throughout Mexico City. Anyone over the age of 18 was eligible to receive at least the first dose of the vaccine by September. The most common aggressions were intimidation and harassment, followed by threats and physical attacks, according to civil society groups. This piece is part of a series titled "Nonstate armed actors and illicit economies in 2022" from Brookings'sInitiative on Nonstate Armed Actors. There is no single independent oversight mechanism to review police actions, but many federal and state security and justice sector institutions have internal affairs units providing internal supervision and promoting best practices for transparency and accountability. Mexico Travel Advisory Travel Advisory October 5, 2022 See State Summaries K C Last Updated: Reissued with updates to health information See state summaries and advisory levels below for information on your specific travel destination. With a judges consent, children may marry at younger ages. However, in a leaked audio recording from 2019, a senior migration official told her team they were now under the instruction and supervision of the National Guard. In September 2021, National Guard troops and Mexican immigration agents violently detained a series of caravans of asylum seekers in Chiapas state, leaving many injured. In October and November, I spent several weeks in various parts of Mexico researching the evolution of crime and security policies. While not directed at tourists, shootings between rival gangs have injured innocent bystanders. In March 2020 a federal judge issued an arrest warrant for Zeron on charges related to his conduct of the investigation, including torturing alleged perpetrators to force confessions, conducting forced disappearances, altering the crime scene, manipulating evidence, and failing to perform his duties. Share this via Twitter In 2019 a Mexico City court ordered academic Sergio Aguayo, a columnist of the daily newspaper Reforma, to pay a fine of 10 million pesos ($530,000) in moral damages to former Coahuila governor Humberto Moreira. Between September 2020 and June, the STPS reported conducting labor inspections in 22,350 work centers nationwide benefiting more than three million workers. The CNDH reported that assailants killed 12 human rights defenders from January to July. Women tended to earn substantially less than men did for the same work. Yes, Puerto Vallarta is a safe place to visit right now. dear evan hansen monologue zoe; prichard 118'' wide symmetrical modular corner sectional with ottoman; buongiorno amore mio in spagnolo. (Lpez Obrador falsely claimed in November 2021 that a deal to end forest loss by 2030 reached at the global climate summit in Glasgow was inspired by Sowing Life.) In a June International Organization for Migration survey, 20 percent of citizens and 35 percent of third-country migrants reported using a smuggler to arrive to the U.S.-Mexico border. U.S. government employees may not drive from the U.S.-Mexico border to or from the interior parts of Mexico, except daytime travel within Baja California and between Nogales and Hermosillo on Mexican Federal Highway 15D, and between Nuevo Laredo and Monterrey on Highway 85D. Queretaro state Exercise Increased Caution. From January to August the Mexican Commission to Assist Refugees (COMAR) received 77,559 applications for refugee status, a 41 percent increase from the same period in 2019, and anticipated that it would receive up to 120,000 applications in total by the end of the year. Municipal candidates and challengers seeking to oust incumbents were the most common victims of political violence, with victims spread across the political spectrum. Victims relatives and civil society continued to criticize handling of the original investigation by the Attorney Generals Office, noting there had been no convictions related to the disappearances of the 43 students. In June media outlets reported that a fight between two rival groups of inmates left six inmates dead and nine wounded at a prison in Villahermosa, Tabasco. There are no restrictions on travel for U.S. government employees in Morelos state. The National Shelter Network reported that the network assisted 12,000 women and children between January and August. The Interior Secretariat reaffirmed its commitment to protect refugee applicants even as the country experienced an unprecedented number of applicants. The government, in conjunction with international organizations, made efforts to promote the safe, voluntary return, resettlement, or local integration of IDPs. In May in Chicoloapan, state of Mexico, municipal police beat and detained supporters of feminist groups as they led a protest against gender-based violence and political parties. Authorities accused the suspects of smuggling 20 to 80 migrants per day through Baja California into the United States for more than a decade. Lpez Obrador has openly opposed wind and solar energy production. In Baja California Sur, Guanajuato, Michoacan, Nayarit, Nuevo Leon, and Yucatan, the crimes of defamation and libel are prosecuted, with penalties ranging from three days to five years in prison and fines for committing defamation or slander, both considered crimes against honor. Slander is punishable under the criminal laws of the states of Campeche, Nuevo Leon, Sonora, Yucatan, and Zacatecas, with sentences ranging from three months to six years in prison and fines. The picture is not good. The CNDH noted significant understaffing at all levels in federal prisons, which affected access to programs, activities, medical services, and opportunities to report possible human rights abuses. The CNB reported that during that period, of the 3,025 bodies exhumed, authorities identified 1,153 and returned 822 to their families. Freedom of Association and the Right to Collective Bargaining, b. Other ways to share It might seem that 2022 is starting off with important positive news about the crime and security situation in Mexico. Also see the Department of Labors Findings on the Worst Forms of Child Labor at https://www.dol.gov/agencies/ilab/resources/reports/child-labor/findings/ as well as the Department of Labors List of Goods Produced by Child Labor or Forced Labor at https://www.dol.gov/agencies/ilab/reports/child-labor/list-of-goods. The letter also read that since the release of the crime statistics, KZN had: 25 rapes per day. As my fieldwork showed, in Baja California Sur, Baja California, and Sinaloa, criminal groups, often the Sinaloa Cartel, are muscling their way into new economies,systematically seeking to dominate both legal and illegal fishing, fish processing, and seafood sales along the entire vertical supply chain. Use toll roads when possible and avoid driving alone or at night. Outsourcing practices made it difficult for workers to identify their legally registered employer, thus limiting their ability to seek redress of labor grievances. There are no restrictions on travel for U.S. government employees in Chiapas state, which includes tourist areas in:Palenque, San Cristobal de las Casas,andTuxtla Gutierrez. There are no restrictions on travel for U.S. government employees in Mexico State. Lpez Obrador has cut budgets and personnel to many Mexican institutions and left them with minimal regulatory, oversight, and minimal capacities. As of December 2020 the Prosecutor Generals Office reported a total of 2,041 federal investigations underway into disappearances involving approximately 3,400 persons. Chiapas state Exercise Increased Caution. Posted 10:45 a.m. According to the victims mother, police detained and interrogated him without reasonable suspicion or probable cause. The NGO also reported the existence of multiple unregistered private institutions without licenses operating as orphanages. There were reports some government agents were complicit with international organized criminal gangs, and prosecution and conviction rates were low for these abuses. In June a federal judge sentenced Juan Francisco Picos Barrueto to 32 years in prison for the 2017 murder of journalist Javier Valdez Cardenas. Calls included reports of relationship aggression, sexual assault, sexual harassment, rape, and intrafamily violence. Google received more removal requests from government agents in 2020 than in any other year except 2014. High levels of impunity, including for killings or attacks on journalists, resulted in self-censorship and reduced freedom of expression and the press. The reforms prevent the registration of collective bargaining agreements known as protection contracts, which nonrepresentative unions often negotiated and signed without the knowledge of workers and undermined genuine collective bargaining. The Defense Ministry has paid compensation to families but has not sanctioned any soldiers or reported the cases to police or prosecutors for criminal investigation. All states have their own human rights commissions. According to NGO Article 19, lethal attacks occurred against journalists in Sonora, including the killings of Benjamin Morales on May 3 and Ricardo Lopez Dominguez on July 22 and the disappearance of Jorge Molontzin on March 16. In October 2021, following a CRPD committee recommendation, the government publicly apologized to a man with intellectual and psychosocial disabilities who had been imprisoned for four years although there was no evidence he had committed a crime and a judge had found him unfit to stand trial, leaving him without the opportunity to defend himself. The Federal Center took over registration functions nationwide on November 3 and was preparing to launch a national union registry to contain all files related to union registration and statutes, collective bargaining agreements, and union financial statements. At all levels, police reform has mostly stalled. There were credible reports that members of security forces committed some abuses. The states of Guanajuato, Jalisco, Mexico, Michoacan, Nuevo Leon, Sinaloa, Sonora, Tamaulipas, and Zacatecas, plus Mexico City, accounted for 76 percent of reported disappearances from 2018 to June 30. There were 50 hate-crime homicides and four forced disappearances committed against the LGBTQI+ community in the first eight months, according to the National Observatory of Crimes Against LGBTQI persons. NGOs reported that acts of excessive use of force and arbitrary detention occurred against female protesters, especially those protesting gender-based violence. There are no restrictions on travel for U.S. government employees in Baja California Sur state, which includes tourist areas in:Cabo San Lucas, San Jose del Cabo,andLa Paz. The new vote took place on August 17-18, and a majority of workers rejected the collective bargaining agreement. Forced labor persisted in the domestic service and in child-care, manufacturing, mining, food-processing, construction, tourism, begging, street-vending, leather-goods-production, and agriculture sectors, especially in the production of chili peppers and tomatoes. State human rights commissions investigate state and municipal police forces and can issue similar recommendations. Impromptu roadblocks requiring payment to pass are common. There are no restrictions on travel for U.S. government employees in Tlaxcala state. In May 2020, the president formally deployed the military to assist the National Guard in civilian law enforcement. Physical Conditions: According to the Federal Prison System, as of June there were 220,393 inmates in 288 state and federal facilities with a designed capacity for 217,064. A report from the Black Alliance for Just Immigration found black migrants faced widespread racial discrimination from individuals and authorities, particularly in accessing employment and services. Hundreds of thousands of workers continued to work in foreign-owned factories, mainly in northern border states, producing electronics, medical equipment, and auto parts. Security forces responded by killing four suspects and arresting 25. It may exercise its power to call before the Senate government authorities who refuse to accept or enforce its recommendations. There were some complaints of illegal searches or illegal destruction of private property. In its data collection, the government often merged statistics on forcibly disappeared persons with missing persons not suspected of being victims of forced disappearance, making it difficult to compile accurate statistics on the extent of the problem. U.S. government employees may not travel to other parts of Tamaulipas state. The NGO Disability Rights International reported various instances of abuse, including the use of prolonged restraints and isolation rooms for children with disabilities in both public and private institutions. Most homicides appeared to be targeted; however, criminal organization assassinations and territorial disputes can result in bystanders being injured or killed. - Around 39% of houses have just one bedroom. - It's been estimated that 18% of all prisoners in Mexico City have lived in Iztapalapa. People with disabilities receive little government protection or support and are at higher risk of abuse and neglect by their families. A A A. In March the government amended federal labor law to define the minimum wage as the lowest cash amount a worker receives for services rendered during a workday and stipulated it should never be below the inflation rate. The military can now legally detain civilians, take charge of crime scenes, and preserve evidence. U.S. citizens and LPRs have been victims of kidnapping. Any work in excess of eight hours in a day is considered overtime, for which a worker is to receive double pay. In August and September 2021, Mexico hosted negotiations between representatives from the Venezuelan government and opposition groups mediated by Norway. An additional February reform mandated pretrial detention for femicides, sexual violence against minors, forced disappearances, and corruption. The State Department's Mexico Crime and Safety Report for Merida (OSAC) details that there is very little to no narco-related crime threat in Merida. President Lpez Obrador has vastly expanded the scope of the military in public security, often supplanting civilian law enforcement. Heavily armed members of criminal groups often patrol areas of the state and operate with impunity particularly along the border region from Reynosa to Nuevo Laredo. Media monopolies, especially in small markets, at times constrained freedom of expression. In many states, local emergency services are limited outside the state capital or major cities. On April 24, congress approved a reform to the labor law aimed at banning subcontracting of personnel for core or main economic activities in the public and private sectors. On August 7, Yucatan governor Mauricio Villa announced the arrest of four police officers, but on August 14, a judge set them free due to a lack of evidence. The reforms provide workers with the right to freely elect union representatives and approve or reject collective bargaining agreements through a secret ballot process before they are registered. Mexico highlighted that one of its priorities on the council would be the protection of children. The government was reasonably effective in enforcing child labor laws in large and medium-sized companies, especially in the export-oriented factory (maquiladora) sector and other industries under federal jurisdiction. The board identified 3,286 homes in five states for relocation before completion of the construction project. The Lpez Obrador administration has actively participated in abusive US immigration policies. Mexican law enforcement and the military have struggled to curb crime-related violence. Wage and Hour Laws: The tripartite National Minimum Wage Commission is responsible for establishing minimum salaries. Share this via WhatsApp Underneath that macro-war, many violent micro-conflicts play out in Mexico, as smaller criminal groups fight over drug, extortion, and other criminal markets and seek to control local politicians and populations. Criminal activity and violence may occur throughout the state. SANTA FE, N.M. - State lawmakers have less than three weeks to approve bills and send them to the governor's desk for a signature, that includes every single public safety proposal introduced . Politicians publicly discredited and criticized such journalists, however. NGOs alleged that provisions in laws threatened the privacy of internet users by forcing telecommunication companies to retain data for two years, providing real-time geolocation data to police, and allowing authorities to obtain metadata from private communications companies without a court order. Many women working in the industry reported suffering some form of abuse. If separating from your travel group, send a friend your GPS location. Unlike the Federal Police which the Lpez Obrador administration dismantled, the National Guard is nominally supposed to be stationed in a locality permanently. Authorities routinely fail to investigate crimes against journalists adequately, often preemptively ruling out their profession as a motive. In April the government passed a penal code reform eliminating the statute of limitations for sexual crimes against minors, including child pornography distribution, child sex tourism, corruption of minors, pederasty, sexual abuse, and rape. In 2020 the STPS Federal Labor Inspectorate conducted almost 30,000 labor inspections nationwide but reported finding only one case of child labor. In 2020, Mexico appointed itself as one of 23 Champion countries of the Global Compact for Safe, Orderly and Regular Migration. The color of the circles corresponds to the homicide rate and the size to the number of homicide reports (which may refer to more than one victim). Most formal-sector workers (70 percent) received between one and three times the minimum wage. The STPS certification of the new election set November 3 as the date for termination of the existing agreement, thus establishing that representation rights would be determined under the new labor reform rules and institutions. The federal government created a National System for the Search of Missing Persons as required by law, but as of August it had not established the required National Forensic Data Bank. Mexico Ends Warning System For Covid And Will Treat Virus As Endemic. The governments failure to enforce labor laws left workers with little recourse for violations of freedom of association, poor working conditions, and other labor provisions in states that had not yet implemented the new labor justice model. Self-styled militias, sometimes fronts for rival criminal groups, other times with great proclivity to slide into many facets of criminality, persist andproliferate as the government looks on. In 2021, Congress repealed many of the human rights provisions of the 2018 reform. Now they seek to influence with violence and money who can run and win to begin with. In January 2020 the government raised the minimum wage. The Bicentennial Framework is unlikely to restore that. Most newspapers, television stations, and radio stations were privately owned. Organized criminal groups were implicated in numerous killings, acting with impunity and at times in collusion with corrupt federal, state, local, and security officials. In June the government amended the General Law on Womens Access to a Life Free of Violence to include media and digital violence as a form of violence against women. State commissions do not have uniform reporting requirements, making it difficult to compare state data and therefore compile nationwide statistics. In August the federal government signed a public-private partnership agreement with the Teleton Institute for it to provide rehabilitation services to 20,000 pension-receiving children. By law workers may remove themselves from situations that endanger health or safety without jeopardy to their employment. There are no restrictions on travel for U.S. government employees in Nuevo Leon state. Child, Early, and Forced Marriage: The legal minimum marriage age is 18. As of October the Special Unit for the Investigation and Litigation of the Ayotzinapa case had arrested more than 80 suspects, including army captain Jose Martinez Crespo, an Iguala municipal police officer, and the Iguala municipal police chief. In September, the Secretary of Defense announced that only military policeno civilian prosecutorswere investigating. All states have additional laws against discrimination. Land conflicts, social and ethnic violence, or local political disputes caused other incidents. The pandemic severely impacted the economy, resulting in a significant increase in the number of children engaging in child labor. Institutionalized Children: Civil society groups expressed concern regarding abuse of children with mental and physical disabilities in orphanages, migrant centers, and care facilities. As of September 2021, 30 percent of Mexicans had been fully vaccinated against Covid-19 and 47 percent had received at least one dose of the vaccine. From the United States 1-844-528-6611. There are no restrictions on travel for U.S. government employees in Campeche state. There are no restrictions on travel for U.S. government employees in Quintana Roo state, which include tourist areas in:Cancun,Cozumel, Isla Mujeres,Playa del Carmen,Tulum, andtheRiviera Maya. Efforts focused on implementation of the 2019 labor law reform that transformed the labor justice system. In addition to a more impartial and streamlined judicial process for labor disputes, the reforms transfer the registration of unions and collective bargaining agreements from the CABs to a new independent Federal Conciliation and Labor Registration Center. As of August 16, authorities had not arrested any suspects. In June President Lopez Obrador announced that forensic scientists at the University of Innsbruck conclusively identified the remains of Jhosivani Guerrero, marking the third body identified of the 43 disappeared students. Share this via Printer. In her more than 20 years in the industry, Dr. McEntire has become one of the most highly respected leaders in food safety . Mexico is one of Latin America's most important security markets due to its size, leading industries, development, and total demand. Mexico is a multiparty federal republic with an elected president and bicameral legislature. Most are now buried in mass graves. There are no restrictions on travel for U.S. government employees in San Luis Potosi state. As a result other unions, including a new union formed by workers after the vote, gained the right to seek representation rights and negotiate a new agreement. When comparing the crime rate in Puerto Vallarta with other cities, you'll notice that it is very safe even safer than many cities in the US (see comparison table below). According to the NGO Freedom House, Researchers continued to document cases of journalists, human rights lawyers, activists, and political figures targeted with Pegasus spy software. Labor recruiters enticed families to work during harvests with verbal promises of decent wages and a good standard of living. Despite a 2017 injunction issued by a state district judge to prevent further grave abuses at the institution, the CNDH reported state authorities failed to supervise the conditions at Ciudad de los Ninos. On March 11, an anticorruption and antinepotism constitutional reform granted the Federal Judiciary Council the administrative organ of the federal court system more oversight over district and appeals courts and limited hiring authorities of individual judges. This will allow Mexico to increase its emissions while technically meeting its targets. Cabo's vibrant nightlife, sceneries, and welcoming natives might force you to reconsider canceling your planned vacation. The same tribunal rejected registration challenges from four other parties, including former president Felipe Calderons Free Mexico Party, which the INE argued did not produce sufficient evidence of the origin of some funding it received. You can find like-minded travelers by staying at one of Guanajuato's top-rated hostels which may add an extra dimension to your trip. Yet the dismantling of the Federal Police also led to a profound reduction in the number of investigators and investigative capacity in Mexico by some 70-75%, Mexican lawyers and security officials estimated in conversations with me. There were reports the government did not always investigate and punish those complicit in abuses against LGBTQI+ persons, especially outside Mexico City. This mass displacement elevated the groups risk of malnutrition and health maladies. Although 94 percent of Mexican households have television, a lack of affordable internet access left many children, especially those in low-income households or with disabilities, unable to fully participate in education. The CNDH reported indigenous women were among the most vulnerable groups in society. After almost seven years in the role, Dr. Jennifer McEntire will step away from her role as Chief Food Safety Officer at the International Fresh Produce Association (IFPA) on May 5, 2023. Mexican National Guard members arrest a migrant who tried crossing the Ro Bravo in Ciudad Jurez, Mexico on April 19, 2021, Share this via Facebook The governments National Protection Mechanism to Protect Journalists and Human Rights Defenders provided panic buttons, bodyguards, and temporary relocation to journalists and human rights defenders. The deadline for unions to amend and register their statutes, originally set to expire in May 2020, was suspended due to COVID-19, reestablished in late 2020, and continued as of November.
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